Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules is reported by the Bethesda system by performing fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Atypia of undetermined significance(AUS) or follicular lesion of undetermined significance(FLUS)(Bethesda 3) and suspicious for a follicular neoplasm (Bethesda 4) create uncertainty about treatment and follow-up. Molecular tests, ultrasonographic features of the nodules, and calcitonin level help us for this uncertainty. Here, we will p...

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to increase worldwide. Diabetic retinopathy (DRP) is one of the most common complications of Type 2 DM. Recently, the effect of thyroid hormones on diabetic microvascular complications has gained much attention. This relationship is explained by the important effects of thyroid hormones on endothelial function. There are studies investigating the relationship between TSH and diabetic nephropathy and DRP. There ar...

Aim: To determine whether there is any factor that can predict sufficient results in second thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) after first nondiagnostic cytological result.Materials and method: Nodules with non-diagnostic result after first FNAB were included and separated into two groups as sufficient (Group-1) and insufficient (Group-2) second FNAB. Results: Second FNAB was performed on 643 nodules of 443 patients with ...

A 87 year old woman admitted with complaints of hoarseness and a palpable mass which she noticed 1 week ago. She had hypothyroidism for 25 years. On examination, there was a hard and fixed palpable 4x4 cm mass on the right side of the neck. In laboratory evaluation, thyroid function tests were normal, thyroid auto-antibodies were positive, calcitonin was normal, C-reactive protein was 224 mg/l and liver and kidney function tests were normal. Thyroid ultrasonography revealed a ...

Objective: Thyroid nodules are one of the most common thyroid diseases. Ultrasonography is an reliable and the most commonly used imaging method in the evaluation of thyroid nodules with a high sensitivity (Sn) and specificity (Sp). The prevelance of obesity, especially severe obesity, is increasing at an alarming rate in the worldwide. Although obesity and thyroid disorders are related to each other, the pathological relationship between those is not clear. Several studies ha...

Introduction: Metformin is widely used as the first-line therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes, and its most common adverse effects are gastrointestinal. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare but serious adverse effect in patients with type 2 diabetes or patients who attempt suicide with metformin overdose. Here, we report the case of a 22-year-old woman who developed severe lactic acidosis after high-dose metformin was taken for a suicide attempt.<p cl...

However ACTH secreting adenomas are one of the most common functional pituitary tumors, subtypes such as Crooke cell corticotroph adenoma(CCCA) are relatively rare. We present here a patient with CCCA who had severe hypercortisolism mimicking ectopic ACTH syndrome. A 69 years old female patient admitted to emergency department after a fall. On cranial MRI,’a 3.5x2.5x3cm mass appearance with a sellar-suprasellar location, which is compressing the optic chiasm, expanding th...

Patient is a 43 years old female without any known additional disease. A pituitary mass was seen in the cranial MRI taken due to the complaint of forgetfulness. Pituitary MRI of the patient revealed a ’large intrasellar mass of 3.2x3x2.3 cm, which expanded the sella and pressed the optic chiasm’. The patient didn’t describe any symptoms other than forgetfulness. She didn’t have galactorrhea, cushingoid or acromegaloid appearance. Patients laboratuary evalua...

Introduction: High values of fine needle aspiration washout thyroglobulin (FNA-Tg) are diagnostic for metastatic lesions of thyroid cancer. However, there is not a consensus on cut-off for high Tg level. The most important confounding factor for FNA-Tg is inability to calculate Tg per unit volume because residual aspiration material in the needle cannot be known exactly. Another problem is possible contamination of whole blood during lymph node aspiration. In this study, we ai...

Introduction: Ectopic ACTH secretion by pheochromocytoma causing Cushing’s syndrome has been reported rarely. Here, we present a patient with ectopic ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome, caused by a pheochromocytoma with normal fractionated 24 h urinary catecholamines and metanephrines.Case report: A 48-year old female patient admitted to our clinics with the complaints of severe hypertension despite receiving anti hypertensive therapy. Severe he...